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Wrist Locks in Jiu Jitsu
Wrist locks are used fairly extensively in Jiu Jitsu as they are particularly powerful techniques to use. Even a
Samurai dressed in full body armour had no significant protection against the application of a wrist lock. Wrist
locks are particularly useful in that they disable most opponent's primary weapons - i.e. his hand(s). The locks
are used as full defensive techniques in their own rights as well as for restrint and on occasion finishing off an
opponent - they can be exceptionally painful.
Within Shorinji Kan Jiu Jitsu there are three wrist locks taught to all beginners before they take their first
grading. By convention these wrist locks have been given numbers to identify them during training (e.g. wrist
lock one). Sometimes three additional wrist locks are also referred to (as wrist locks 4, 5, and 6), though the
order and actual locks referred to have been known to vary.
Below is a list of wrist locks, and whilst it is probably not exhaustive, it tries to cover all of the wrist locks that
a jitsuka may come across and where possible the number most often attributed to it in the Shorinji Kan syllabus.
Different instructors and schools of martial arts use a variety of names for the same lock. The list tries to account
for as many of these as possible.
| Number (Convention) |
Japanese Name(s) |
Translation(s) |
Notes |
| 1 |
Kote Gaeshi |
Wrist Twist |
|
| 2 |
Kote Mawashi |
Out-turned wrist |
|
| 2 |
Ura Kote |
Reverse(d) Wrist |
|
| 3 |
Kote Hono Gaeshi |
Partial Wrist Twist |
Arm straight |
| 3 |
Kote Gatame |
Wrist Lock |
Arm straight |
| 3 |
Ni Kyo |
Second Principle |
The second principle of Aikido. See HappyHerbalist.com for details. |
| 3 (alt.) |
Kote Shibori |
Wrist Constriction |
Arm bent in at elbow |
| 3 (alt.) |
Kuzure Kote Mawashi |
Broken Out-turned Wrist |
Arm bent in at elbow |
| 4 |
Kote Dori |
Wrist Crush |
|
| 4 |
Kuzure Kote Hineri |
Broken Wrist Wring |
|
| 5 |
Kote Hineri |
Wrist Wring |
|
| 5 |
Kote Garuma |
Heaven (spirit) Twist |
|
| 5 |
Muchi Mawarai |
Whip Around |
|
| 5 |
San Kyo |
Third Principle |
The third principle of Aikido. Arm bent in at elbow. See
HappyHerbalist.com for details. |
| 5 |
Yuki Chigai |
Coming Together |
|
| 6 |
Tenshiho Gaeshi |
Heaven (spirit) Twist |
|
| 6 |
Shiho Nage |
Four Direction Throw |
This lock is not in essence the throw, but a variation on the pure technique. |
Throughout this kote has been translated as wrist, but this is not a clear translation. Kote were the gauntlets
worn by the armoured Samurai, and so can conceivably include locks applied directly to the hand or lower forearm as well
as directly to the wrist joint itself. In these terms a wrist lock will therefore be felt to effect the forearm (radius
& ulna bones), wrist joint, or the bones beneath the palm of the hand.
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